Brazil’s economy is among the world’s most closed, with trade flows at just 35.5% of GDP—well below the global average of 56.6% and most emerging economies. Decades of protectionist policies, initially designed to support domestic industries, now hinder growth, innovation, and global competitiveness. This report explores the causes of Brazil’s economic isolation, its impact on growth, and the implications for citizens, businesses, and the country’s future. [....]