This paper empirically investigates how the level of peer-to-peer (P2P) lending affects monetary policy transmission in the People’s Republic of China (PRC). Using state dependent local projection methods, authors find that the macroeconomic effects of unanticipated changes in monetary policy are dampened during the boom phase of the P2P lending market. The impulse responses of industrial production and inflation are significantly negative in the non-boom state. In contrast, the responses of industrial production and inflation are muted in the boom state. Set against the context of stricter regulation on P2P lending since 2017, their results indicate that the significant scaling back of P2P lending activity and its gradual decline in the PRC could enhance the effectiveness of monetary policy transmission. Their paper also suggests that further work is needed to study the interaction between financial innovation and monetary policy. […]