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Repurchase agreements and the European sovereign debt crises: the role of European clearinghouses

This article investigates the European repo market and its role as an amplication channel for sovereign debt crises. We focus on the centrally cleared segment, representing the majority of European repos. A novel data set on repo and margin haircuts applied to sovereign bonds by central clearing counterparties (CCPs) is gathered, allowing us to assess the haircut methodologies used by the major European CCPs. We document that following increases in sovereign risk, haircuts set by major CCPs on peripheral sovereign bonds increased signicantly. The procyclicality of haircuts and the concentration of bilateral repos raise concerns about the CCP-intermediated repo market as a source of systemic risk in the Eurozone. This is however mitigated by the countercyclical monetary policy of the European Central Bank (ECB).